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・ Glycoside hydrolase family 1
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 10
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・ Glycoside hydrolase family 108
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 11
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 12
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 13
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 14
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 15
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・ Glycoside hydrolase family 19
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 2
Glycoside hydrolase family 20
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 22
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 24
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 25
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 26
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 27
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 28
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 29
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 3
・ Glycoside hydrolase family 30
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Glycoside hydrolase family 20 : ウィキペディア英語版
Glycoside hydrolase family 20

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 20 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.〔(Bairoch, A. "Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and index of glycosyl hydrolase entries in SWISS-PROT". 1999. )〕 This classification is available on the CAZy(http://www.cazy.org/GH1.html) web site,〔(Henrissat, B. and Coutinho P.M. "Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes server". 1999. )〕 and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.〔(CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes. )〕
Glycoside hydrolase family 20 (CAZY GH_20 ) comprises enzymes with several known activities; beta-hexosaminidase (); lacto-N-biosidase (). Carbonyl oxygen of the C-2 acetamido group of the substrate acts as the catalytic nucleophile/base in this family of enzymes.
In the brain and other tissues, beta-hexosaminidase A degrades GM2 gangliosides; specifically, the enzyme hydrolyses terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminides. There are 3 forms of beta-hexosaminidase: hexosaminidase A is a trimer, with one alpha, one beta-A and one beta-B chain; hexosaminidase B is a tetramer of two beta-A and two beta-B chains; and hexosaminidase S is a homodimer of alpha chains. The two beta chains are derived from the cleavage of a precursor. Mutations in the beta-chain lead to Sandhoff disease, a lysosomal storage disorder characterised by accumulation of GM2 ganglioside.
==References==


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